Signs of Drug Abuse in Teens  

Common signs of drug abuse in teens include sudden changes in behavior, withdrawal from family and friends, disinterest in hobbies or sports, decline in academic performance and attendance, and significant mood changes.

Drug abuse among teenagers has become a pervasive issue that involves the harmful and uncontrolled use of substances, leading to negative physical, emotional, and social effects.

Signs of drug abuse often include changes in behavior, such as withdrawal from activities and secretive behavior, as well as physical changes like bloodshot eyes and weight fluctuations.

Mood swings and changes in personality traits, such as increased impulsivity and risk-taking, can also indicate drug abuse issues.

So, how do you know when your teenager is caught in the grip of drug abuse?

What are the Signs of Drug Abuse In Teens?

The signs of drug abuse in teens include increased irritability, secretive behavior, theft of money or valuables, drastic changes in attitude, noticeable weight fluctuations, and neglect of personal hygiene. These behaviors can strain family relationships, raise concerns about their well-being, and indicate a deeper issue. For more details, please refer to the comprehensive list below.

During adolescence, a crucial developmental phase is marked by behaviors like heightened exploration of new experiences, impulsiveness, and a preference for rewarding stimuli.

These factors contribute to an elevated susceptibility to substance abuse.

According to the most recent National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, more than 50% of substance use initiation cases occur between the ages 15–19 (Blanco, C, et al. 2018, “Predictors of initiation of nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine use: Results of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)”). 

Changes in Behavior

Sudden changes in behavior and mannerisms are the early indicators of teenage drug use. 

• Withdrawal from Family and Friends: Withdrawal from social circles can signal potential drug use in teenagers, as they may isolate themselves to avoid scrutiny from family and friends.
• Disinterest in Hobbies or Sports: A sudden loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities is a common indicator of teenage drug use, as motivation to engage in extracurriculars diminishes.
• Increased Secrecy or Lying About Their Whereabouts: Teens using drugs often become secretive, providing vague explanations about their whereabouts and avoiding direct questions from parents.
• Stealing Money or Valuables from Home: Financial struggles may lead teens to steal money or valuables from home, resulting in parents noticing missing items and changes in spending habits.
• Decline in Academic Performance and Attendance: A decline in grades and school attendance is a telltale sign of drug abuse, as substance use impairs cognitive function and focus, leading to academic struggles. There are indications that drugs like marijuana, when used during teenage affect cognitive functions in varying ways, with particular emphasis on attention, declarative memory, and cognitive control, as suggested by Randolph K. et al. 2013, “Cannabis and cognitive systems in Adolescents.”

Mood Changes

Teenagers abusing drugs exhibit significant mood swings and changes in temperament. 

• and aggression in teenagers, leading to sudden anger and hostile reactions that strain relationships with family and friends.
• Symptoms of Depression or Apathy: Teenagers abusing drugs may exhibit signs of depression or apathy, including persistent sadness and disinterest in activities they once enjoyed, indicating potential substance-related issues. Teenagers struggling with drug abuse display symptoms of depression or apathy. Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or disinterest in previously enjoyed activities are red flags for underlying substance-related issues. An examination conducted through a cross-sectional study assessed the concurrent use of substances and psychiatric health in adolescents aged 13–15. The findings revealed that consistent usage of cannabis and nicotine together posed an additional risk for psychiatric ailments (Boys A., Farrell M., Taylor C., Marsden J., Goodman R., Brugha T., et al. 2003, “Psychiatric morbidity and substance use in young people aged 13–15 years: results from the Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health”).
• Particularly, the likelihood of developing depressive disorders escalated significantly, especially when regular alcohol intake was also present.
• Constant Threatening Behaviors: Severe drug abuse in teenagers may lead to threats of dropping out of school or running away, often driven by desperation or a desire to escape the consequences of their actions.
• Destructive Behavior or Vandalism: Teenagers abusing drugs may engage in destructive behaviors or vandalism, reflecting their internal struggles and attempts to express frustration or challenge authority.

Changes in Personality

Teenagers undergoing substance abuse undergo significant changes in their personality, affecting various aspects of their behavior and social interactions. 

• Low Motivation: Substance abuse in teens results in apathy and reduced motivation, causing disinterest in studies, sports, and activities they once enjoyed, along with difficulty in setting and achieving goals.
• Shifts in Attitude and Values: Drug abuse can trigger sudden changes in teenagers’ attitudes and values, leading to rebellious behavior toward authority and prioritizing drug use over responsibilities.
• Poor Self-Control: Substance abuse undermines a teenager’s self-control and decision-making abilities, resulting in emotional instability and conflicts with family and peers.

Physical Changes

Substance abuse also manifests in various physical symptoms and alterations in appearance. 

• Bloodshot Eyes or Dilated Pupils: Common signs of substance abuse; marijuana causes redness, while stimulants like cocaine lead to dilation.
• Rapid Weight Loss or Gain: Significant weight changes can indicate substance abuse; some drugs suppress appetite, while others increase it.
• Neglect of Personal Hygiene: Substance-abusing teenagers often show a disheveled appearance, with unkempt hair and dirty clothes.
• Unexplained Injuries or Bruises: The presence of unexplained injuries may signal substance abuse, as drugs impair coordination and judgment.
• Tremors, Shakes, or Drowsiness: These symptoms are signs of drug intoxication or withdrawal, varying by substance and indicating serious issues.

How to Know if Your Teen is Using Drugs

To know if your teen is using drugs you can watch out for changes in their appearance, unusual behaviors, and secretive actions. Pay attention to their mood fluctuations, look for signs in their eyes, and be alert for any strange odors that may indicate substance use.

Need to Know: Addiction Signs And Symptoms

Here are some strategies parents can use to determine if their teen is using drugs:

• Utilize Your Senses: Observe your teen’s appearance, behavior, and surroundings; use your sense of smell for unusual odors on breath or clothing indicating alcohol or marijuana use.
• Observe Their Eyes: Look for signs of drug use in your teen’s eyes, such as dilated or constricted pupils; red, bloodshot eyes may indicate marijuana use, while dilated or pinpoint pupils suggest stimulants or opioids.
• Monitor Mood Swings: Pay attention to changes in mood and behavior; mood swings, irritability, agitation, or unusual euphoria can signal substance abuse.
• Watch for Deceptive Behavior: Be cautious of secretive or evasive behavior regarding whereabouts, activities, or social circles; sudden plan changes, reluctance to discuss their day, or unexplained absences may indicate drug involvement.
• Check Teens’ Belongings for Drug-Related Paraphernalia: Look for drug-related items such as smoking pipes, bongs, butane torches, hypodermic needles, weight scales, balloons, or wrappers; possession of these suggests drug use, so thoroughly check their belongings and living spaces.

Nice to Know: Signs Of Drug Abuse In Partner

What to Do if You Find Out Your Teen is Using Drugs?

If you find out your teen is using drugs, it’s important to respond with empathy and support. Begin by staying calm, initiating open discussions, and seeking professional help while establishing clear expectations. Here are steps to take if you suspect or confirm your teen’s drug use:

• Stay Calm and Approach with Compassion
• Initiate Honest Conversations
• Seek Professional Guidance
• Establish Clear Boundaries and Consequences
• Explore Treatment Options
• Encourage Healthy Coping Mechanisms
• Involve Family and Support Networks
• Monitor Progress and Provide Continued Support

By taking proactive steps and offering unwavering support, you can help your teen overcome substance abuse and move towards a healthier, brighter future.

Can Occasional Mood Swings or Changes in Behavior Be Mistaken for Drug Abuse?

Yes, occasional mood swings or changes in behavior can be mistaken for drug abuse. It’s crucial to evaluate various factors before concluding that drug abuse is the cause, such as environmental stressors, hormonal fluctuations, and mental health concerns.

Are There Specific Interventions or Programs Available for Teenagers Struggling with Substance Abuse?

Yes, various interventions and programs cater specifically to teenagers dealing with substance abuse issues. These may include outpatient counseling, group therapy sessions, family therapy, and specialized treatment programs designed to address the unique needs of adolescents.

How Can Parents Approach Conversations About Drug Abuse with Their Teenagers?

Parents can approach conversations about drug abuse with their teenagers by creating a supportive and non-judgmental environment. It’s crucial to listen actively, express concern, and provide factual information about the risks linked to substance abuse. Additionally, setting clear expectations and boundaries regarding drug use can effectively guide these discussions.

What Role Do Peers Play in Influencing Teenage Drug Abuse?

Peers play a significant role in influencing teenage drug abuse through peer pressure, social norms, and the desire for acceptance or belonging. Parents and caregivers should foster healthy peer relationships, teach strategies to resist negative influences, and help teenagers make informed decisions about substance use.

Are There Early Warning Signs of Potential Substance Abuse that Parents Might Overlook?

Yes, some early warning signs of substance abuse may be subtle and easily overlooked by parents. These can include changes in sleep patterns, appetite changes, sudden changes in friend groups, increased secrecy, and unexplained financial difficulties. Parents need to stay vigilant and address any concerns promptly.